Codes and Frequencies
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Description
For sample persons (over 3 years of age in 1990 and 1991) who are deaf in one or both ears, or have trouble hearing with one or both ears, or use a hearing aid, this variable reports at what age the respondent began to have trouble hearing.
Related Variables
For a more in-depth description of the availability of other hearing related variables, see quality of hearing (HEARING, 1997-2009).
[show more]Other variables for the years in which HRTOUBAGE is available include:
- Hearing without hearing aid, left ear (HRLEFT 1971, 1977, 1990-1991, 1999, 2007-2008
- Hearing without hearing aid, right ear (HRRIGHT 1971, 1977, 1990-1991, 1999, 2007-2008
- Can hear and understand someone who whispers from across a quiet room (HRWHISP 1971, 1977, 1990-1991, 1999, 2007)
- Can hear and understand if someone talks in a normal voice from across a room (HRTALK, 1971, 1977, 1990-1991, 1999, 2007)
- Can hear and understand someone who shouts from across a quiet room (HRSHOUT 1971, 1977, 1990-1991, 1999, 2007)
- Can hear and understand if someone speaks loudly in the "better ear" from across a quiet room (HRSPEAK, 1971, 1977, 1990-1991, 1999, 2007)
- Age when hearing loss began, grouped (HRTROUBGAGE,1971 1991-1990)
- Gallaudet hearing scale score (HRGALSCAL,1971, 1977, 1991-1990)
- Now uses a hearing aid (HRAUSES,1971, 1977, 1979-1980, 1984, 1990)
For 1971 only:
- Hearing trouble began before or after age 21 (HRTOUBAGE21,1971)
- Can hear loud noise (HRLOUDNOIS,1971 and 1977)
- Can tell one kind of noise from another (HRTELLNOIS,1971 and 1977)
- Can tell speech from other sounds (HRTELLSPECH,1971 and 1977)
- Ever wore a hearing aid (HRAEV,1971, 1977, 1997-2009)
For 1990 and/or1991 only:
- Now has a hearing problem (HRBACK)
- Cause of hearing problem ( see HRCBIRTHGR, genetic reason for hearing problem, which lists 11 possible causes specified that year, 1990-1991 only)
Comparability
This variable is somewhat comparable over time. The top-coded age category changed over time, such that in 1971, the oldest age recognized was 86 years and over, whereas in 1990 and 1991, it was 95 years and over.
Researchers should also note the use of proxy reporting for this variable in all survey years. Proxy reporting is where a respondent representing the family could answer this question for other adult family members. Self-reporting is likely to be more accurate than proxy reporting, but since the 1971, 1990 and 1991 used this method, the comparability over time may not be largely affected.
Universe
- 1971: Persons who are deaf in one or both ears, or have other trouble hearing with one or both ears, or use a hearing aid.
- 1990-1991: Persons age 3+ who are now deaf in one or both ears or now have any other trouble hearing with one or both ears or now use a hearing aid.
Availability
- 1971, 1990-1991
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Weights
- 1971, 1990-1991 : PERWEIGHT