Description

For sample adults, BREADMO reports frequency with which the respondent consumed whole grain bread. Other survey years report food frequency in a standardized format, recording the number of times a food was consumed and the corresponding time units. Food frequencies in 2005 are instead classified into pre-defined frequency categories. Researchers interested in using all years of available data may consider modifying BREADNO and BREADTP to correspond to the pre-defined categories used in BREADMO.

BREADMO is part of a series of variables initiated in 1987 related to food, food knowledge, and cancer. For related variables, please use the IPUMS NHIS search function and drop-down menus.

Comparability

Data users wishing to combine BREADMO with BREADNO and BREADTP should be aware that prior to 2000, bread products were differentiated by white bread or dark bread; the survey text specifies that dark breads are breads like whole wheat, rye, or pumpernickel. The 1987 field representative's manual indicates that dark bread also includes any whole wheat products listed under the white bread category (e.g., biscuits or bagels). Beginning in 2000, the survey only asked about whole grain bread and specified that this includes whole wheat, rye, oatmeal, and pumpernickel as well as cracked wheat, multi-grain, and bran breads. Please see the Survey Text tab for the exact phrasing of each year's question.

Changes in survey design (e.g., quarters in which the supplement was collected) may affect raw frequencies, but do not affect comparability of the variable. As always, data users should use the prescribed IHIS weights.

Universe

Availability

• 2005

Weights

• 2005 : SAMPWEIGHT